Discovery BoxJoshua 13:8
Context13:8 The other half of Manasseh, 1 Reuben, and Gad received their allotted tribal lands beyond the Jordan, 2 just as Moses, the Lord’s servant, had assigned them.
Joshua 13:15--14:5
Context13:15 Moses assigned land to the tribe of Reuben 3 by its clans. 13:16 Their territory started at Aroer 4 (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) and included the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plain of Medeba, 13:17 Heshbon and all its surrounding cities on the plain, including Dibon, Bamoth Baal, Beth Baal Meon, 13:18 Jahaz, Kedemoth, Mephaath, 13:19 Kiriathaim, Sibmah, Zereth Shahar on the hill in the valley, 13:20 Beth Peor, the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth Jeshimoth. 13:21 It encompassed 5 all the cities of the plain and the whole realm of King Sihon of the Amorites who ruled in Heshbon. Moses defeated him and the Midianite leaders Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba (they were subjects of Sihon and lived in his territory). 6 13:22 The Israelites killed Balaam son of Beor, the omen reader, 7 along with the others. 8 13:23 The border of the tribe of Reuben was the Jordan. The land allotted to the tribe of Reuben by its clans included these cities and their towns. 9
13:24 Moses assigned land to the tribe of Gad 10 by its clans. 13:25 Their territory included Jazer, all the cities of Gilead, and half of Ammonite territory 11 as far as Aroer near 12 Rabbah. 13:26 Their territory ran 13 from Heshbon to Ramath Mizpah and Betonim, and from Mahanaim to the territory of Debir. 13:27 It included the valley of Beth Haram, 14 Beth Nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, and the rest of the realm of King Sihon of Heshbon, the area east of the Jordan to the end of the Sea of Kinnereth. 15 13:28 The land allotted to the tribe of Gad by its clans included these cities and their towns. 16
13:29 Moses assigned land to the half-tribe of Manasseh 17 by its clans. 13:30 Their territory started at 18 Mahanaim and encompassed all Bashan, the whole realm of King Og of Bashan, including all sixty cities in Havvoth Jair 19 in Bashan. 13:31 Half of Gilead, Ashtaroth, and Edrei, cities in the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were assigned to the descendants of Makir son of Manasseh, to half the descendants of Makir by their clans.
13:32 These are the land assignments made by Moses 20 on the plains of Moab east of the Jordan River opposite Jericho. 21 13:33 However, Moses did not assign land as an inheritance 22 to the Levites; their inheritance 23 is the Lord God of Israel, as he instructed 24 them.
14:1 The following is a record of the territory assigned to the Israelites in the land of Canaan by Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the Israelite tribal leaders. 25 14:2 The land assignments to the nine-and-a-half tribes were made by drawing lots, as the Lord had instructed Moses. 26 14:3 Now Moses had assigned land 27 to the two-and-a-half tribes east of the Jordan, but he assigned no land 28 to the Levites. 29 14:4 The descendants of Joseph were considered as two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. The Levites were allotted no territory, though they were assigned cities in which to live, along with the grazing areas for their cattle and possessions. 30 14:5 The Israelites followed the Lord’s instructions to Moses and divided up the land. 31
Numbers 32:33-42
Context32:33 So Moses gave to the Gadites, the Reubenites, and to half the tribe of Manasseh son of Joseph the realm of King Sihon of the Amorites, and the realm of King Og of Bashan, the entire land with its cities and the territory surrounding them. 32 32:34 The Gadites rebuilt Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer, 32:35 Atroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah, 32:36 Beth Nimrah, and Beth Haran as fortified cities, and constructed pens for their flocks. 32:37 The Reubenites rebuilt Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim, 32:38 Nebo, Baal Meon (with a change of name), and Sibmah. They renamed 33 the cities they built.
32:39 The descendants of Machir son of Manasseh went to Gilead, took it, and dispossessed the Amorites who were in it. 32:40 So Moses gave Gilead to Machir, son of Manasseh, and he lived there. 34 32:41 Now Jair son of Manasseh went and captured their small towns and named them Havvoth Jair. 32:42 Then Nobah went and captured Kenath and its villages and called it Nobah after his own name.
Deuteronomy 3:1-17
Context3:1 Next we set out on 35 the route to Bashan, 36 but King Og of Bashan and his whole army 37 came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. 38 3:2 The Lord, however, said to me, “Don’t be afraid of him because I have already given him, his whole army, 39 and his land to you. You will do to him exactly what you did to King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon.” 3:3 So the Lord our God did indeed give over to us King Og of Bashan and his whole army and we struck them down until not a single survivor was left. 40 3:4 We captured all his cities at that time – there was not a town we did not take from them – sixty cities, all the region of Argob, 41 the dominion of Og in Bashan. 3:5 All of these cities were fortified by high walls, gates, and locking bars; 42 in addition there were a great many open villages. 43 3:6 We put all of these under divine judgment 44 just as we had done to King Sihon of Heshbon – every occupied city, 45 including women and children. 3:7 But all the livestock and plunder from the cities we kept for ourselves. 3:8 So at that time we took the land of the two Amorite kings in the Transjordan from Wadi Arnon to Mount Hermon 46 3:9 (the Sidonians 47 call Hermon Sirion 48 and the Amorites call it Senir), 49 3:10 all the cities of the plateau, all of Gilead and Bashan as far as Salecah 50 and Edrei, 51 cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan. 3:11 Only King Og of Bashan was left of the remaining Rephaites. (It is noteworthy 52 that his sarcophagus 53 was made of iron. 54 Does it not, indeed, still remain in Rabbath 55 of the Ammonites? It is thirteen and a half feet 56 long and six feet 57 wide according to standard measure.) 58
3:12 This is the land we brought under our control at that time: The territory extending from Aroer 59 by the Wadi Arnon and half the Gilead hill country with its cities I gave to the Reubenites and Gadites. 60 3:13 The rest of Gilead and all of Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to half the tribe of Manasseh. 61 (All the region of Argob, 62 that is, all Bashan, is called the land of Rephaim. 3:14 Jair, son of Manasseh, took all the Argob region as far as the border with the Geshurites 63 and Maacathites 64 (namely Bashan) and called it by his name, Havvoth-Jair, 65 which it retains to this very day.) 3:15 I gave Gilead to Machir. 66 3:16 To the Reubenites and Gadites I allocated the territory extending from Gilead as far as Wadi Arnon (the exact middle of the wadi was a boundary) all the way to the Wadi Jabbok, the Ammonite border. 3:17 The Arabah and the Jordan River 67 were also a border, from the sea of Chinnereth 68 to the sea of the Arabah (that is, the Salt Sea), 69 beneath the watershed 70 of Pisgah 71 to the east.
Deuteronomy 29:8
Context29:8 Then we took their land and gave it as an inheritance to Reuben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh.
[13:8] 1 tn The MT reads “with him,” which is problematic, since the reference would be to the other half of the tribe of Manasseh (not the half mentioned in v. 7).
[13:8] 2 tn Heb “received their inheritance, which Moses had assigned to them beyond the Jordan.”
[13:15] 3 tn Heb “assigned to the sons of Reuben.”
[13:16] 4 tn Heb “their territory was from.”
[13:21] 5 tn The words “it encompassed” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[13:21] 6 tn Heb “princes of Sihon, inhabitants of the land.”
[13:22] 8 tn Heb “Balaam son of Beor, the omen-reader, the Israelites killed with the sword, along with their slain ones.”
[13:23] 9 tn Heb “This is the inheritance of the sons of Reuben by their clans, the cities and their towns.”
[13:24] 10 tn Heb “assigned to the tribe of Gad, to the sons of Gad.”
[13:25] 11 tn Heb “and half of the land of the sons of Ammon.”
[13:25] 12 tn Heb “in front of.”
[13:26] 13 tn The words “Their territory ran” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied for clarification.
[13:27] 14 tn Or “it included in the valley, Beth Haram.”
[13:27] 15 sn The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in 11:2.
[13:28] 16 tn Heb “This is the inheritance of the sons of Gad by their clans, the cities and their towns.”
[13:29] 17 tn Heb “assigned to the half-tribe of Manasseh, and it belonged to the half-tribe of Manasseh.”
[13:30] 18 tn The words “their territory started at” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied for clarification.
[13:30] 19 sn The Hebrew name Havvoth Jair means “the tent villages of Jair.”
[13:32] 20 tn Heb “These are [the lands] which Moses gave as an inheritance.”
[13:32] 21 tn Heb “beyond the Jordan, east of Jericho.” The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied to clarify the meaning.
[13:33] 22 tn Heb “Moses did not assign an inheritance.” The word “land” has been supplied in the translation to clarify what the inheritance consisted of.
[13:33] 23 tn That is, “their source of food and life.”
[13:33] 24 tn Or “as he promised”; Heb “as he spoke to.”
[14:1] 25 tn Heb “These are [the lands] which the sons of Israel received as an inheritance in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes assigned as an inheritance to the sons of Israel.”
[14:2] 26 tn Heb “By lot was their inheritance, as the
[14:3] 27 tn Or “assigned an inheritance.”
[14:3] 28 tn Or “no inheritance.”
[14:3] 29 tn The Hebrew text adds, “in their midst.”
[14:4] 30 tn Heb “and they did not assign a portion to the Levites in the land, except cities [in which] to live and their pastures for their cattle and property.”
[14:5] 31 tn Heb “Just as the
[32:33] 32 tn Heb “the land with its cities in the borders of the cities of the land all around.”
[32:38] 33 tn Heb “called names.”
[3:1] 35 tn Heb “turned and went up.”
[3:1] 36 sn Bashan. This plateau country, famous for its oaks (Isa 2:13) and cattle (Deut 32:14; Amos 4:1), was north of Gilead along the Yarmuk River.
[3:1] 38 sn Edrei is probably modern Deràa, 60 mi (95 km) south of Damascus (see Num 21:33; Josh 12:4; 13:12, 31; also mentioned in Deut 1:4).
[3:3] 40 tn Heb “was left to him.” The final phrase “to him” is redundant in English and has been left untranslated.
[3:4] 41 sn Argob. This is a subdistrict of Bashan, perhaps north of the Yarmuk River. See Y. Aharoni, Land of the Bible, 314.
[3:5] 42 tn Or “high walls and barred gates” (NLT); Heb “high walls, gates, and bars.” Since “bars” could be understood to mean “saloons,” the qualifying adjective “locking” has been supplied in the translation.
[3:5] 43 tn The Hebrew term פְּרָזִי (pÿraziy) refers to rural areas, at the most “unwalled villages” (KJV, NASB “unwalled towns”).
[3:6] 44 tn Heb “we put them under the ban” (נַחֲרֵם, nakharem). See note at 2:34.
[3:6] 45 tn Heb “city of men.”
[3:8] 46 sn Mount Hermon. This is the famous peak at the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range known today as Jebel es-Sheik.
[3:9] 47 sn Sidonians were Phoenician inhabitants of the city of Sidon (now in Lebanon), about 47 mi (75 km) north of Mount Carmel.
[3:9] 48 sn Sirion. This name is attested in the Ugaritic texts as sryn. See UT 495.
[3:9] 49 sn Senir. Probably this was actually one of the peaks of Hermon and not the main mountain (Song of Songs 4:8; 1 Chr 5:23). It is mentioned in a royal inscription of Shalmaneser III of Assyria (saniru; see ANET 280).
[3:10] 50 sn Salecah. Today this is known as Salkhad, in Jordan, about 31 mi (50 km) east of the Jordan River in the Hauran Desert.
[3:10] 51 sn Edrei. See note on this term in 3:1.
[3:11] 52 tn Heb “Behold” (הִנֵּה, hinneh).
[3:11] 53 tn The Hebrew term עֶרֶשׂ (’eres), traditionally translated “bed” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT) is likely a basaltic (volcanic) stone sarcophagus of suitable size to contain the coffin of the giant Rephaite king. Its iron-like color and texture caused it to be described as an iron container. See A. Millard, “King Og’s Iron Bed: Fact or Fancy?” BR 6 (1990): 16-21, 44; cf. also NEB “his sarcophagus of basalt”; TEV, CEV “his coffin.”
[3:11] 54 tn Or “of iron-colored basalt.” See note on the word “sarcophagus” earlier in this verse.
[3:11] 55 sn Rabbath. This place name (usually occurring as Rabbah; 2 Sam 11:11; 12:27; Jer 49:3) refers to the ancient capital of the Ammonite kingdom, now the modern city of Amman, Jordan. The word means “great [one],” probably because of its political importance. The fact that the sarcophagus “still remain[ed]” there suggests this part of the verse is post-Mosaic, having been added as a matter of explanation for the existence of the artifact and also to verify the claim as to its size.
[3:11] 56 tn Heb “nine cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 in (45 cm) for the standard cubit, this would be 13.5 ft (4.1 m) long.
[3:11] 57 tn Heb “four cubits.” This would be 6 ft (1.8 m) wide.
[3:11] 58 tn Heb “by the cubit of man.” This probably refers to the “short” or “regular” cubit of approximately 18 in (45 cm).
[3:12] 59 tn The words “the territory extending” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[3:12] 60 sn Reubenites and Gadites. By the time of Moses’ address the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh had already been granted permission to settle in the Transjordan, provided they helped the other tribes subdue the occupants of Canaan (cf. Num 32:28-42).
[3:13] 61 sn Half the tribe of Manasseh. The tribe of Manasseh split into clans, with half opting to settle in Bashan and the other half in Canaan (cf. Num 32:39-42; Josh 17:1-13).
[3:13] 62 sn Argob. See note on this term in v. 4.
[3:14] 63 sn Geshurites. Geshur was a city and its surrounding area somewhere northeast of Bashan (cf. Josh 12:5 ; 13:11, 13). One of David’s wives was Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur and mother of Absalom (cf. 2 Sam 13:37; 15:8; 1 Chr 3:2).
[3:14] 64 sn Maacathites. These were the people of a territory southwest of Mount Hermon on the Jordan River. The name probably has nothing to do with David’s wife from Geshur (see note on “Geshurites” earlier in this verse).
[3:14] 65 sn Havvoth-Jair. The Hebrew name means “villages of Jair,” the latter being named after a son (i.e., descendant) of Manasseh who took the area by conquest.
[3:15] 66 sn Machir was the name of another descendant of Manasseh (cf. Num 32:41; 1 Chr 7:14-19). Eastern Manasseh was thus divided between the Jairites and the Machirites.
[3:17] 67 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity (also in vv. 20, 25).
[3:17] 68 tn Heb “from Chinnereth.” The words “the sea of” have been supplied in the translation as a clarification.
[3:17] 69 sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea (cf. Gen 14:3; Josh 3:16).
[3:17] 70 tn The meaning of the Hebrew term אַשְׁדֹּת (’ashdot) is unclear. It is usually translated either “slopes” (ASV, NAB, NIV) or “watershed” (NEB).
[3:17] 71 sn Pisgah. This appears to refer to a small range of mountains, the most prominent peak of which is Mount Nebo (Num 21:20; 23:14; Deut 3:27; cf. 34:1).
